One Simulator, Many Subsurface Problems
Permeon began as a GPU-native black-oil simulator and now spans the energy-transition subsurface: geothermal, carbon storage, geomechanics, and unconventional reservoirs — all on the same Eclipse-compatible, fully-coupled engine.
Geothermal Energy
Doublets, direct-use, flash power, and EGS.
How long until the cold front reaches the producer? How should the doublet be spaced to protect the resource? Will a high-enthalpy well flash to steam, and how much power can it deliver?
What Permeon models
- ▸ Low-enthalpy brine doublets for district heating / direct-use — thermal-breakthrough timing and the retarded cold front (thermal "protection").
- ▸ High-enthalpy water–steam flash (IAPWS-IF97) with latent heat and implicit steam wells.
- ▸ Enhanced-geothermal (EGS) fractured wells and doublets.
- ▸ Cold-reinjection thermal stressing coupled to the geomechanics (THM).
Validation: Thermal front validated vs Ogata-Banks & Avdonin analytics (~1–2%) and cross-checked with open-DARTS (~2%).
Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)
CO₂ injection, plume migration, and storage security.
Where does the CO₂ plume go? How much can be stored before pressure limits are reached? Is the caprock stress state safe under injection?
What Permeon models
- ▸ CO₂–brine thermodynamics: solubility (Spycher-Pruess), density and viscosity across storage conditions (CO2STORE / SALINITY).
- ▸ Plume migration, dissolution trapping, and reservoir-pressure management.
- ▸ CO₂-plume geothermal (CPG): recovering heat while storing carbon, with a fully-coupled (p,T) energy solve.
- ▸ Injection-induced stress change on the caprock and faults (coupled geomechanics).
Validation: CO₂–brine thermodynamics cross-validated against open-DARTS and MOOSE; black-oil PVT synthesized from the thermodynamic core.
Reservoir Geomechanics
Compaction, subsidence, and induced-seismicity risk.
How much will the field compact and the surface subside as it depletes? Is the stress change on a fault approaching reactivation? What does cold injection do to the stress state?
What Permeon models
- ▸ Poroelastic compaction drive wired directly into the flow (a single GEOMECH keyword).
- ▸ Surface subsidence over the full footprint (over/under-burden deform passively).
- ▸ 3-D MPSA stress field; thermo-poroelastic stress for cold-reinjection (THM).
- ▸ Two-way feedback: deformation updates porosity (and, for stress-sensitive rock, conductivity) back into the flow.
Validation: Mechanics validated against the Terzaghi and Mandel analytic consolidation problems.
Unconventional & Fractured
Shale depletion with stress-dependent conductivity.
How fast does fracture conductivity degrade as the well draws down and effective stress rises? How do natural and hydraulic fractures contribute to recovery?
What Permeon models
- ▸ Stress-dependent transmissibility from the computed stress field (exponential effective-stress law) — the depletion-driven permeability loss of fractures.
- ▸ Pressure-driven rock-compaction tables (ROCKTAB / ROCKCOMP), reversible & hysteretic for permanent fracture closure.
- ▸ Naturally-fractured dual-porosity / dual-permeability (matrix–fracture transfer).
- ▸ Explicit hydraulic fractures via local grid refinement.
Validation: Stress-conductivity law unit-tested; dual-porosity transfer mass-conserving and validated by physics.
Conventional Oil & Gas
Field simulation, history matching, and recovery optimization.
The core workflow: match historical production, forecast recovery, and optimize waterflood / WAG / aquifer-supported depletion — on GPU, at speed.
What Permeon models
- ▸ Three-phase black-oil (dead/live oil, dissolved gas, wet gas) with Stone I/II relperm and WAG hysteresis.
- ▸ Analytic & numerical aquifer drive; multi-segment, VFP/THP, and group-controlled wells.
- ▸ Corner-point grids with faults, pinchouts, and NNCs; Eclipse-compatible .DATA in/out.
- ▸ Ensemble runs for history matching and uncertainty quantification.
Validation: Every black-oil capability ships with a reproducible validation report against OPM Flow (typically ~1%).
Grounded in Validated Physics
Every application above maps to a concrete, tested capability — not a brochure claim. See the physics in detail, or the measured validation numbers against OPM Flow, analytic solutions, and open-DARTS.